C++

Introduction

• C ++ is an object oriented programming language, C ++ was developed by Bjarne Stroustrup at AT & Bell Lab.C ++ was developed from c and simula 67 language. C ++ was early called ‘C with classes’.
• C++ is a general-purpose programming language that was developed as an enhancement of the C language to include object-oriented paradigm. It is an imperative and a compiled language.
• C++ is portable and can be used to develop applications that can be adapted to multiple platforms.

Features

• Data Abstraction
• Encapsulation
• Inheritance
• Polymorphism
• Dynamic Binding
• Reusability

Advantage

• OOPS can be comfortably upgraded.
• Using inheritance redundant program, codes can be eliminated & use of previously defined classes may be continued.
• OOP languages have standard class library.

C++ Program Structure

#include <iostream> using namespace std; // main() is where program execution begins. int main() { cout << "Hello World"; // prints Hello World return 0; }

Let us look at the various parts of the above program −

• The C++ language defines several headers, which contain information that is either necessary or useful to your program. For this program, the header is needed.
• The line using namespace std; tells the compiler to use the std namespace. Namespaces are a relatively recent addition to C++.
• The next line '// main() is where program execution begins.' is a single-line comment available in C++. Single-line comments begin with // and stop at the end of the line.
• The line int main() is the main function where program execution begins.
• The next line cout << "Hello World"; causes the message "Hello World" to be displayed on the screen.
• The next line return 0; terminates main( )function and causes it to return the value 0 to the calling process.